Geology

With geothermal power – from natural hot (140 deg. F) water from an underground reservoir. The water (from Ice Age glaciers trapped by hardened lava from volcanic eruptions) is piped to radiators and hot=-water tanks throughout the city.

James Hutton.

Aluminum.

Stalactites.

Pumice.

Crevasse

Ice ages

LIMESTONE

Obsidian

PERMAFROST

Mohs’ scale

LAVA

Earth

STALAGMITES

Carrara

Stalagmite

Most meteorites contain at least some iron metal (actually an alloy of iron and nickel). You can see the metal shining on a broken surface. Iron meteorites are all metal, stony iron meteorites are about half metal, half stone, and stone meteorites contain small flecks of metal

Atoll

TRUE

Mantle

105

Crevasse

World’s largest sapphire

AQUIFERS

Sedimentary

Gold

NORWAY

The Core

Satactite

CRUST

The Universe is at least 15 billion years old, but probably not more than 20 billion years old

The amethyst – which gets its name from the Greek amethysto9s – which means “remedy for drunkenness.”

EARTHQUAKE

Carboniferous

The diameter of the earth at the equator is 7,926.41 miles (12,756.32 kilometers)

IGNEOUS

Pumice. An igneous (produced by volcanic action) rock having a spongy or frothy texture, and composed largely of glass. It is still sometimes used, as ‘pumice stone’, to scrape the skin when bathing

Diamonds

ALUMINIUM

Quartz

Limestone

FAULT

Iron

Igneous

GEOTHERMAL

Eutrophication

Lava.

Molten iron and nickel.

From cooling volcanic lava.

Earth.